History Of Music An Overview

History Of symphony An OverviewThe definition of medication is defined in or so(prenominal) instructions Websters definition is as follows an machination of sound in time that expresses ideas and emotions in signifi arset unionizes through the elements of rhythm, melody, or harmony. There are many theories regarding when and where medicinal drug formed. many an(prenominal) agree that unison began even before man existed. Researchers point out that there are six utter more or lesss of euphony and each full point has a certain path of euphony that made what medical specialty is today. Here are some resources for you to transgress understand the history of medicinal drug. (Estrella 2001) euphony is traced back as far as past Israel a thousand twelvemonths before Christ mogul David composed and sang hundreds of songs c all(prenominal)ed psalms. A few of them are written in the old testament in the book of Psalms. But music as we know it now, as having building an d form, may make water begun in the tenth century with the Gregorian chirps. These songs were organized and detailed with onlyists and footling groupings singing classifiable parts. The music we are more in common with began close to the year 1200 and soon after, troubadours singing folk music starting to appear in parts of Europe. The appearance of composers, made music, and the creation of the instruments such as the flabby and lute. (Ezine Articles 2005)The years 1750 to 1820 is known as the serious music period with the piano macrocosmness a composers instrument of choice. Mozart wrote his first symphony, Bach performed in London, and Beethoven was in the end born. Many of the symphonies we enjoy today were written during this time. medicinal drug has truly formulated since this period though. In 1900, a man named Scott Joplin had composed and published the Maple Leaf Rag, an sheath many see as the beginnings of the music we know today as popular music. Soon after, n ew tuneful forms were taking hold. Jazz in the 1930s (Louis Armstrong, Billie Holiday), big band music in the 1940s (Tommy Dorsey, Duke Ellington), and rock music (Elvis Presley, Chuck Barry) in the 1950s. Other countries (most notably France and Spain) were creating their own popular music during this time. (Ezine 2005)The three time periods I want to focus on is Medieval, reincarnation, baroque, simple, romantic, and Contemporary. This is all known to us to day as opera, RB, Rock, Hip Hop, Soul, etc. Music has been around for years and pot be broken down into many stages or cycles. People everywhere all everywhere the world feature their own genius of music. every(prenominal) genre, sound, melody is different in some way.When we look at the medieval music, we are acquireing with the longest and most distant period of musical history. Saint Gregory is credited with organizing the huge repertoire of chant that certain during the first centuries of the Christian church , hence the experimental condition Gregorian chant. He was pope from 590 to 604, and the medieval era continued into the 1400s, so this period consists of music. One of the principal difficulties in studying medieval music is that a dodging for notating music developed only gradually. The first examples of musical bank note date from around 900. For several centuries, notation only indicated what pitch to sing. The system for notating rhythm started in the 12th or 13th century. Gregorian chant is monophonic, convey music that consists of only integrity melodic line without accompaniment. The dish antenna of chant lies in the serene, undulating shapes of its melody. We do not know who wrote the melodies of Gregorian chant. alike folk melodies, the music probably mutated as it was passed down through timess and at long last reached its notated form. Polyphony, music where two or more melodic lines are hear simultaneously, did not exist (or was not notated) until the 11th cent ury. Unlike chant, polyphony demand the participation of a composer to combine the melodic lines in a engaging manner. Although most medieval polyphonous music is anonymousthe names of the composers were every baffled or never written down at allthere are composers whose extend was so important that their names were preserved along with their music. (Ezine 2005)Renaissance is reflected by the changing role of the composer in society. Unlike most of their medieval times, the corking masters of the Renaissance were created in their own lifetimes. The technique of printing music, musical composition slow to evolve, helped in the preservation and distribution of music and musical ideas. blessed music was still predominant, though other music became more familiar and more sophisticated. The repertory of instrumental music besides began to expand significantly. upstart instruments were invented, including the clavichord and virginal and many existing instruments were improved. M asses and motets were the primary forms of sacred blunt polyphony. Other vocal forms included motets, madrigals and songs (generally accompanied by lute or a small instrumental ensemble or consort). Instrumental pieces were commonly short polyphonic endures or music for dancing. (Ezine 2005)Compared with the medieval genius, Renaissance polyphony was lush and sonorous. The era between Josquin Desprez and Palestrina is known as the chromatic age of polyphony. Imitationwhere one melodic line shares, or imitates the same musical theme as a previous melodic linebecame an important polyphonic technique. Imitation was one method composers used to make complex music more easily comprehensible and give the listener a superstar of structure. Imitative polyphony can be heard in the multitude and motets of composers from Josquin onward and is featured in instrumental music by Byrd, Gibbons, and the Gabriellis.Baroque music is often exceedingly ornate, colorful and richly textured when compared with its predecessors. Opera was born at what is considered to be the very beginning of the Baroque era, around 1600. This unique form combines poetry, theater, the visual arts and music. It came about because a group of Italian intellectuals wanted to recapture the spirit of ancient Greek plying period in which music played a key role. The first groovy opera was Orfeo, by Claudio Monteverdi, first performed in 1607. Musics ability to express mankind emotions and depict natural phenomenon was explored throughout the Baroque period. Vivaldis famous set of concertos, The quaternary Seasons, is a famous example. Although imitative polyphony remained fundamental to musical composition, homophonic writing became increasingly important. Homophonic music features a clear bank note between the melody line and a subsidiary accompaniment part. This style was important in opera and other solo vocal music because it focused the listeners attention on the expressive melody of the singer. The homophonic style gradually became prevalent in instrumental music as well. (Ezine 2005)Many Baroque works include a continuo part in which a keyboard (harpsichord or organ) and bass instrument (cello or bassoon) provide the concordant underpinning of chords that accompanies the melodic line. New polyphonic forms were developed, and as in the Renaissance, composers considered the art of bloodline (the crafting of polyphony) to be essential to their art. Canons and fugues, two very strict forms of imitative polyphony, were passing popular. Composers were even expected to be able to improvise complex fugues on a moments notice to prove their skill. The orchestra evolved during the advance(prenominal) Baroque, starting as an accompanyist for operatic and vocal music. By the mid-1600s the orchestra had a life of its own. The concerto was a ducky Baroque form that featured a solo instrumentalist (or small ensemble of soloists) playing against the orchestra, creating in teresting contrasts of volume and texture. Many Baroque composers were likewise virtuoso performers. For example, Archangelo Corelli was famous for his violin playing and Johann Sebastian Bach was famous for his keyboard skills. The highly ornamented quality of Baroque melody lent itself perfectly to such displays of musical dexterity. (Grieg 2002)The word unspotted has strong meaning, mixed with the art andPhilosophy of antiquated Greece and Rome, along with their ideals of disciplined expression. The late Braque was complex and melodically different. The composers of the early incorrupt period changed direction, writing music that was much simpler to understand. Homophony music, some other part of unadulte assessd music in which melody and charm are distinct, and has dominated the Classical style is another form of classical music. New forms of composition were developed to tally the transformation. Santana Form is the most important of these forms, and one that continued t o evolve throughout the Classical period. Although Baroque composers also wrote pieces called sonatas, the Classical sonata was different. The essence of the Classical Sonata is difficult to understand. A highly simplified example of such a conflict might be between two themes of contrasting character. (Grieg 2002)This contrast would be entrap during the course of the sonata, and then resolved. Sonata form allowed composers to give fine instrumental music recognizable dramatic shape. Every major form of the Classical era, including the string quartet, symphony and concerto was molded on the dramatic structure of the sonata.One of the most important studys of the Classical period is the growth of the mercifulkind concert. Although the aristocracy would continue to play a significant role in musical life, it was now potential for composers to survive without being the employee of one person or family. This also meant that concerts were no longer limited to palace skeleton rooms . Composers organized concerts featuring their own music, and attracted large audiences. The increasing popularity of the public concert had a strong rival on the growth of the orchestra. Although chamber music and solo works were played in the home or other privileged settings, orchestral concerts seemed to be naturally designed for big public spaces. As a result, symphonic music composers gradually expanded the size of the orchestra to accommodate this expanded musical vision. (Grieg 2002)Just as the word Classical conjures up certain images, Romantic music also does the same. Whether we think of those romance novels with the romance implies fantasy and sensuality. The Classical period focused on stirred restraint. Classical music was expressive, but not so passionate that it could overwhelm the work Beethoven, who was in some ways responsible for igniting the flame of romanticism, always struggled (sometimes unsuccessfully) to nurture that commensurateness. (Greig 2002)Many composers of the Romantic period followed Beethovens model and found their own balance between emotional intensity and Classical form. Others reveled in the new standard atmosphere of artistic freedom and created music whose structure was designed to support its emotional surges. Musical story-telling became important, and not just in opera, but in delicate instrumental music as well. The tone-poem is a accompanimently Romantic invention, as it was an orchestral work whose structure was entirely dependent on the survey being depicted or the story being told. Color was another important feature of Romantic music. A large palette of musical colors was necessary to depict the exotic scenes that became so popular. In appendage to seeking out the sights and sounds of other places, composers began exploring the music of their native countries. Nationalism became a driving force in the late Romantic period and composers wanted their music to express their cultural identity. This desir e was particularly intense in Russia and Eastern Europe, where elements of folk music were incorporated into symphonies, tone-poems and other Classical forms. (Wagner 1999)The Romantic period was the old age of the virtuoso. Gifted performers and particularly pianists, violinists, and singers became enormously popular. Liszt, the great Hungarian pianist/composer, reportedly played with such passion and intensity that muliebrity in the audience would faint. Since, like Liszt, most composers were also virtuoso performers, it was needed that the music they wrote would be uttermost(a)ly challenging to play. The Romantic period witnessed a glorification of the artist whether musician, poet or painter that has had a powerful impact on our own culture. (Wagner 1999) This style of music became known as being romantic.The evolution of music is at least partly shaped by the fix one composer has on another. These crops are not always positive, however. sometimes composers react against th e music of their recent past (even though they might love it) and move in what seems to be the opposite direction. For example, the simplified style of the early Classical period was almost certainly a response to the extreme intricacies of the late Baroque. The late Romantic period featured its own extremes excursive symphonies and tone-poems overflowing with music that seemed to stretch harmony and melody to their limits. It is certainly possible to view some early twentieth century music as an extension of the late Romantic style, but a great deal of it can also be interpreted as a reaction against that style. 20th century music is a series of isms and neo-isms. The primal cipher of Stravinskys Rite of Spring has been called neo-Primitivism. The intensely emotional tone of Schnbergs early music has been labeled Expressionism. The return to clearly structured forms and textures has been dubbed neo-Classicism. (R. Strauss)These terms have been use in an attempt to organize the diversity of styles running through the 20th century. Nationalism continued to be a strong musical influence in the first half of the century. The study of folk songs enriched the music of numerous composers, such as Ralph Vaughan Williams (England), Bela Bartok (Hungary), Heitor Villa Lobos (Brazil) and Aaron Copland (USA). Jazz and popular musical styles have also been tremendously influential on classical composers from both the United States and Europe. engineering science has played a increasingly important role in the development of 20th century music. Composers have used recording tape as a compositional tool (such as Steve Reichs Violin Phase). Electronically generated sounds have been used both on their own and in combination with traditional instruments. More recently, computer technology has been used in a multifariousness of ways, including manipulating the performance of instruments in real time. (R. Strauss)So as you can see, music has been around for centuries. Man y people have helped music evolve over the years. The six long periods of music that were discussed above really helped music perish what is today. Although each individual listen to various types of music they all started the same, with either a rhythm or beat. Music was originated long before humanness even existed and grew from there. Music in general has made the world a better place. It gives people a way to express themselves. Music has been called The outside(a) Language a very simple thought with much meaning behind it. Even if you cant speak the language of a country, you can move, sway, dance and most of all enjoy the music of the country. We may not understand the words of a musical selection but we do understand the beauty. (Ruth 2008)Musics interconnection with society can be seen throughout history. Every known culture on the earth has music. Music seems to be one of the basic actions of military personnel. However, early music was not handed down from generation t o generation or recorded. Hence, there is no official record of prehistorical music. Even so, there is evidence of prehistoric music from the findings of flutes carved from bones.The influence of music on society can be clearly seen from neo history. Music helped Thomas Jefferson write the Declaration of Independence. When he could not foresee out the right wording for a certain part, he would play his violin to help him. The music helped him get the words from his brain onto the paper. In general, responses to music are able to be observed. It has been proven that music influences humans both in good and bad ways. These effects are exigent and long lasting. Music is thought to link all of the emotional, spiritual, and physical elements of the universe. Music can also be used to change a persons mood, and has been found to cause like physical responses in many people simultaneously. Music also has the ability to strengthen or weaken emotions from a particular event such as a fun eral.People perceive and respond to music in different ways. The level of musicianship of the performer and the listener as well as the manner in which a piece is performed affects the hear of music. An experienced and accomplished musician might hear and feel a piece of music in a totally different way than a non-musician or beginner. This is why two accounts of the same piece of music can contradict themselves. (ODonnell 2001)According to The Center for New Discoveries in Learning, eruditeness potential can be increased a minimum of volt times by using this 60 beats per minute music. For example, the ancient Greeks sang their dramas because they understood how music could help them remember more easily). A renowned Bulgarian psychologist, Dr. George Lozanov, designed a way to teach unconnected languages in a fraction of the normal learning time. Using his system, students could learn up to one half of the vocabulary and phrases for the whole school term (which amounts to almo st 1,000 words or phrases) in one day. Along with this, the reasonable retention rate of his students was 92%. Dr. Lozanovs system involved using certain classical music pieces from the baroque period which have around a 60 beats per minute pattern. He has proven that foreign languages can be learned with 85-100% efficiency in only thirty days by using these baroque pieces. His students had a recall accuracy rate of almost 100% even after not reviewing the material for quartette years. The article above discusses how the history of music not only helped human beings but impacted their lives greatly to where we learn better and think better. (ODonnell 2001)